Mustafa Kemal was the leader of the Turkish National Movement, founder of Republic of Turkey and father of the modern Turkey. His military and political genius is internationally accepted. His name was heard with the victory of Gallipoli.

After World War I, in 1919, the European powers to share the lands of the Ottoman Empire invaded Turkey. Then Mustafa Kemal went to Samsun (the Black Sea) and started a national movement. His aim was to clear Turkey from the invaders, and to establish an independent Turkish Republic.

Mustafa Kemal assembled two nation-wide congresses in Erzurum and Sivas, next he opened the Turkish National Assembly. On 29 October 1923, he founded Republic of Turkey and he was elected the first president.

Mustafa Kemal made many reforms in governmental administration, the law system and in social life. He introduced a state controlled economical system. He abolished Caliphate. He brought a modern and secular educational system. He reformed the alphabet. Montreux Agreement solved the conflicts on the Straits and Hatay.

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk had died on 10 November 1938. After his death, on 26 December 1938, his party Republican people's Party (CHP) gave him "Eternal Chief" title.